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--- documentation:examples:gre_ipsec_and_openvpn [2022/10/04 15:12] – [VM4: OpenVPN client] olivier
+++ documentation:examples:gre_ipsec_and_openvpn [2023/07/10 12:40] (current) – [Router 4] olivier
@@ Line 1062: / Line 1062: @@
 </code>
-==== VM2: OpenVPN server ====
+==== Standard userland mode (slow) ====
+=== VM2: OpenVPN server ===
 Create the openvpn configuration file for server mode as /usr/local/etc/openvpn/openvpn.conf:
@@ Line 1125: / Line 1127: @@
 echo '</key>' >> /usr/local/etc/openvpn/VM4-openvpn.conf
 </code>
-==== VM4: OpenVPN client ====
+=== VM4: OpenVPN client ===
 As OpenVPN client, VM4 should get its openvpn configuration file (that embedded certificate and key) from VM2 and put them in /usr/local/etc/openvpn.
@@ Line 1134: / Line 1137: @@
 scp 10.0.23.2:/usr/local/etc/openvpn/VM4-openvpn.conf /usr/local/etc/openvpn/openvpn.conf
 </code>
 Enable and start openvpn:
@@ Line 1141: / Line 1143: @@
 service openvpn start
 </code>
-==== Testing ====
+=== Testing ===
 Pinging VM5 from VM1:
@@ Line 1214: / Line 1217: @@
 :52:40.744771 IP 10.0.34.4.1194 > 10.0.23.2.1194: UDP, length 114
 :52:40.744786 IP 10.0.34.4.1194 > 10.0.23.2.1194: UDP, length 22
+</code>
+==== Data Channel Offload (DCO), kernel mode (fast) ====
+Start with a working userland configuration, then modify existing configuration files like that:
+  * Need to load if_ovpn module on both side
+  * Need to enable subnet topology on the server side
+=== VM2: OpenVPN server ===
+<code>
+service openvpn stop
+sysrc kld_list="if_ovpn"
+kldload if_ovpn
+echo "topology subnet" >> /usr/local/etc/openvpn/openvpn.conf
+service openvpn start
+</code>
+=== VM4: OpenVPN client ===
+<code>
+service openvpn stop
+sysrc kld_list="if_ovpn"
+kldload if_ovpn
+service openvpn start
+</code>
+=== Testing ===
+Pinging VM5 from VM1:
+<code>
+root@VM1:~ # ping -c 2 10.0.45.5
+PING 10.0.45.5 (10.0.45.5): 56 data bytes
+bytes from 10.0.45.5: icmp_seq=0 ttl=62 time=1.700 ms
+bytes from 10.0.45.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=1.629 ms
+--- 10.0.45.5 ping statistics ---
+packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 1.629/1.665/1.700/0.035 ms
+root@VM1:~ # ping -c 2 2001:db8:45::5
+PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) 2001:db8:12::1 --> 2001:db8:45::5
+bytes from 2001:db8:45::5, icmp_seq=0 hlim=62 time=2.699 ms
+bytes from 2001:db8:45::5, icmp_seq=1 hlim=62 time=1.618 ms
+--- 2001:db8:45::5 ping6 statistics ---
+packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.618/2.158/2.699/0.541 ms
+</code>
+OpenVPN log file on VM2 (error installing route are due to DCO restriction):
+<code>
+Oct  4 18:29:40 VM2 openvpn[89399]: OpenVPN 2.6_git [git:734de8f9aa2df56bcb45ebab7cfa799a23f36403] amd64-portbld-freebsd14.0 [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [MH/RECVDA] [AEAD] [DCO] built on Oct  4 2022
+Oct  4 18:29:40 VM2 openvpn[89399]: library versions: OpenSSL 1.1.1q-freebsd  5 Jul 2022, LZO 2.10
+Oct  4 18:29:40 VM2 openvpn[89399]: WARNING: --keepalive option is missing from server config
+Oct  4 18:29:40 VM2 openvpn[89399]: DCO device tun0 opened
+Oct  4 18:29:40 VM2 openvpn[89399]: /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.0.24.1 10.0.24.2 mtu 1500 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
+Oct  4 18:29:40 VM2 openvpn[89399]: /sbin/ifconfig tun0 inet6 2001:db8:24::1/64 mtu 1500 up
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: /sbin/ifconfig tun0 inet6 -ifdisabled
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: add_route_ipv6(2001:db8:45::/64 -> 2001:db8:24::2 metric 200) dev tun0
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: Could not determine IPv4/IPv6 protocol. Using AF_INET6
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: setsockopt(IPV6_V6ONLY=0)
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: UDPv6 link local (bound): [AF_INET6][undef]:1194
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: UDPv6 link remote: [AF_UNSPEC]
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: NOTE: IPv4 pool size is 253, IPv6 pool size is 65536. IPv4 pool size limits the number of clients that can be served from the pool
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: ifconfig_pool_read(), in='VM4,10.0.24.4,2001:db8:24::1002'
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: succeeded -> ifconfig_pool_set(hand=2)
+Oct  4 18:29:41 VM2 openvpn[89399]: Initialization Sequence Completed
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_VER=2.6_git
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_PLAT=freebsd
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_TCPNL=1
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_NCP=2
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_CIPHERS=AES-256-GCM:AES-128-GCM:CHACHA20-POLY1305
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_PROTO=94
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_LZO_STUB=1
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_COMP_STUB=1
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 peer info: IV_COMP_STUBv2=1
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: 10.0.34.4:10468 [VM4] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET6]::ffff:10.0.34.4:10468
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: VM4/10.0.34.4:10468 MULTI_sva: pool returned IPv4=10.0.24.4, IPv6=2001:db8:24::1002
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: VM4/10.0.34.4:10468 /sbin/route add -net 10.0.45.0/24 10.0.24.4 -fib 0
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: VM4/10.0.34.4:10468 ERROR: FreeBSD route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 1
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: VM4/10.0.34.4:10468 /sbin/route -6 add -net 2001:db8:45::/64 2001:db8:24::1002 -fib 0
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM2 openvpn[89399]: VM4/10.0.34.4:10468 ERROR: FreeBSD route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 1
+</code>
+OpenVPN log file on VM4:
+<code>
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: OpenVPN 2.6_git [git:734de8f9aa2df56bcb45ebab7cfa799a23f36403] amd64-portbld-freebsd14.0 [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [MH/RECVDA] [AEAD] [DCO] built on Oct  4 2022
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: library versions: OpenSSL 1.1.1q-freebsd  5 Jul 2022, LZO 2.10
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled.  See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]10.0.23.2:1194
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: UDPv4 link local: (not bound)
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: UDPv4 link remote: [AF_INET]10.0.23.2:1194
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: [VM2] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]10.0.23.2:1194
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: DCO device tun0 opened
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.0.24.4 10.0.24.1 mtu 1500 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
+Oct  4 18:30:11 VM4 openvpn[86737]: /sbin/ifconfig tun0 inet6 2001:db8:24::1002/64 mtu 1500 up
+Oct  4 18:30:12 VM4 openvpn[86737]: /sbin/ifconfig tun0 inet6 -ifdisabled
+Oct  4 18:30:12 VM4 openvpn[86737]: add_route_ipv6(2001:db8:12::/64 -> 2001:db8:24::1 metric 200) dev tun0
+Oct  4 18:30:12 VM4 openvpn[86737]: WARNING: this configuration may cache passwords in memory -- use the auth-nocache option to prevent this
+Oct  4 18:30:12 VM4 openvpn[86737]: Initialization Sequence Completed
 </code>
 ===== Wireguard =====
-==== Key pairs generation ====
+On current (14.0) needs only wireguard-tools (kernel module included), on older (12 or 13) needs wireguard-kmod.
+==== Key pairs generation on VM2 and VM4 ====
 The first step is to generate a couple of private and public keys on each wireguard endpoint.
-On VM2 and on VM4, generate the keys:
+The standard way of generating keys is using this command:
 <code>
@@ Line 1231: / Line 1336: @@
 </code>
+But on this example, we will use static keys as example.
 ==== Router 2 ====
-Display router 2 private key, and router 4 public key.
+Write example-only static and public key, on real-life, used the one generated by wg.
 <code>
+echo "oFsqDWpgtlma4Dy3YkPd918d3Nw9xdV9MBVn4YT1N38=" > /usr/local/etc/wireguard/private
+echo "z9wBhxr/K405uQeYnCoGRi6VGWu/QAhym7JgH1BguxE=" > /usr/local/etc/wireguard/public
 cat > /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf <<EOF
 [Interface]
-PrivateKey = 8Og1cCmvirK+zcGus/EyaA8aiFdzjjtS9GbuBa/bqFQ=
+PrivateKey = oFsqDWpgtlma4Dy3YkPd918d3Nw9xdV9MBVn4YT1N38=
 ListenPort = 51820
 [Peer]
-PublicKey = FSvVqj2s1FZqsSIvPLrE1RRTgbaPLbfG87P36F21M1g=
+PublicKey = o267Qf43WlVTawLq/8nrET4GQKijrjWFKiux9iNLv04=
-AllowedIPs = 10.0.45.0/24,2001:db8:45::2/64
+AllowedIPs = 10.0.45.0/24,2001:db8:45::/64
 Endpoint = 10.0.34.4:51820
 EOF
@@ Line 1254: / Line 1362: @@
 ==== Router 4 ====
-Display router 4 private key, and router 2 public key.
+Generate example-only router 4 wg keys, and declare 2 public key.
 <code>
+echo "4HRXmxN77CVb5VykdNX6mqkzCh2ycu4hfWfYHTvkLGE=" > /usr/local/etc/wireguard/private
+echo "o267Qf43WlVTawLq/8nrET4GQKijrjWFKiux9iNLv04=" > /usr/local/etc/wireguard/public
 cat > /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf <<EOF
 [Interface]
-PrivateKey = ADfm6+sXZnoyDAkG/MXXy062pjSgh2GgfAIKwX+ewGg=
+PrivateKey = 4HRXmxN77CVb5VykdNX6mqkzCh2ycu4hfWfYHTvkLGE=
 ListenPort = 51820
 [Peer]
-PublicKey = gaQij176wrz3g+2RTJ/S1oEnc7rx2reU1Z0Thrv4oXc=
+PublicKey = z9wBhxr/K405uQeYnCoGRi6VGWu/QAhym7JgH1BguxE=
-AllowedIPs = 10.0.12.0/24,2001:db8:12::2/64
+AllowedIPs = 10.0.12.0/24,2001:db8:12::/64
 Endpoint = 10.0.23.2:51820
 EOF
@@ Line 1295: / Line 1405: @@
 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
 round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.764/1.272/1.779/0.507 ms
+</code>
+Are we using the kernel module?
+<code>
+root@VM2:~ # kldstat -v -n if_wg.ko
+Id Refs Address                Size Name
+    1 0xffffffff82b17000    2e550 if_wg.ko (/boot/kernel/if_wg.ko)
+        Contains modules:
+                 Id Name
+wg
+</code>
+Displaying wg status on VM2:
+<code>
+root@VM2:~ # ifconfig wg0
+wg0: flags=80c1<UP,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1420
+        options=80000<LINKSTATE>
+        groups: wg
+        nd6 options=101<PERFORMNUD,NO_DAD>
+root@VM2:~ # netstat -rn | grep "Dest\|wg0"
+Destination        Gateway            Flags     Netif Expire
+.0.45.0/24       link#7             US          wg0
+Destination                       Gateway                       Flags     Netif Expire
+:db8:45::/64                  link#7                        US          wg0
+root@VM2:~ # wg show
+interface: wg0
+  public key: z9wBhxr/K405uQeYnCoGRi6VGWu/QAhym7JgH1BguxE=
+  private key: (hidden)
+  listening port: 51820
+peer: o267Qf43WlVTawLq/8nrET4GQKijrjWFKiux9iNLv04=
+  endpoint: 10.0.34.4:51820
+  allowed ips: 2001:db8:45::/64, 10.0.45.0/24
+  latest handshake: 32 seconds ago
+  transfer: 356 B received, 436 B sent
 </code>